Stavropol region. An old-geographic region on the Russian Federation located in the main region out-of Subcaucasia, between your Kuban River (and you will Kuban area) toward west, the fresh new Terek area to the the southern area of, the new Don area into the northern, the brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic to the northeast, therefore the lands of one’s Caucasian hill individuals towards the south and you may southwest. Brand new Stavropol region generally corresponds from inside the territory towards the previous Stavropol gubernia (within its 18611920 line, 59,five hundred sq kilometer) and the later Stavropol krai, smaller this new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq km).
Physical geography. The big part of the Stavropol region is actually filled by Stavropol Upland; the newest slight portion provides components of the fresh new Caspian Lowland on the east, the Kuma-Manych Despair on northern, and the hills of the Caucasus Slopes from the southwest. This new climate of your Stavropol part are transformation, out of moderate continental about western in order to dryer and continental on the east. The higher ones range from the Yegorlyk (and this circulates towards Manych), this new Kalaus, the new Kuma, and the Kuban and its own top tributaries, the newest Velykyi Zelenchuk and Malyi Zelenchuk (find Zelenchuk rivers). River water is used to possess irrigation. Brief, mostly saline ponds abound; the most significant is the slim however, 160-km-enough time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the located Stavropol part stayed sparsely inhabited by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a beneficial Turkic-speaking anyone) and you will Kalmyk anybody (a good Mongol-talking category), who to one another numbered regarding 80,000
This new earth on western and you may main the main Stavropol part is actually individuals chernozems and you may chestnut earth; toward eastern and you can northeast it getting light chestnut. The latest sheer plant life in addition to change eastward that have decreasing dampness, out-of meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe in order to deceased fescuefeather lawn steppe after which semidesert herbs from wormwood, inactive fescue, and you may feather yard. Regarding a whole lot more humid the main Stavropol Upland plus new Caucasus mountain tops the latest sheer plant life was forest-steppe having oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Today both the steppe and the tree-steppe are nearly totally cleaned getting farming.
Records. On mid-16th century the fresh new Caucasus as well as the Stavropol part began to already been into the connection with Muscovite colonization. On the 16th and you can 17th many years Subcaucasia knowledgeable the latest beginnings off Cossack colonization (the Don Cossacks on the west additionally the Terek Cossacks during the the east). Caucasian mountain peoples, the brand new Karachai as well as the Cherkess, stayed in this new hills of one’s part.
At the beginning of the fresh eighteenth century the newest Stavropol part nominally turned into area of the Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, yet not, just weren’t established up until the history quarter of century, when, in 177780, brand new Russian regulators created a line of forts, the latest Mozdok-Azov range, with head office at the Stavropol, so you can keep the Caucasian slope peoples. Of the 1785 the newest Stavropol part molded part of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated an excellent gubernia inside the 1802. Following numerous name change it had been designated because Stavropol gubernia within the 1847. Their borders was eventually repaired inside 1861, whether or not it are broke up out of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (since the 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Till the 1930s new Stavropol region was paid from the one another Ukrainians and you can Russians, and you may constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The Russian bodies promoted the new quick colonization of your Stavropol part in order to present a bottom getting army procedures regarding the Caucasus. Section of you to point was achieved by brand new granting of preference tracts of house to Russian noblemen, exactly who paid these with its serfs. A extreme cause for colonization, not, was brand new impulsive settlement by the condition peasants who have been unimpeded of the new central authorities. In reality the fresh purple regulators legalized extant states to your ukase out-of 1804 and provided help to people that has paid during the the Stavropol region. Towards the end of your own 1850s the populace off Stavropol gubernia got risen to 340,000 (5.5 persons per sq kilometres). Their just town, Stavropol, became from around step 3,000 citizens inside the 1800 in order to 17,600 customers during the 1853. One particular densely https://kissbridesdate.com/fr/femmes-malaisiennes-chaudes/ compensated elements was indeed the newest steppes between your Yegorlyk and Kalaus streams therefore the Kalaus Lake valley. The population regarding Stavropol gubernia (and Terek oblast) within the 1853 contains forty-eight.7 % Cossacks, thirty-two % county peasants, sixteen.2 percent nomadic herders, and you may step 3.1 percent serfs while some.